Showing posts with label Kunene. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Kunene. Show all posts

Wednesday, 9 October 2024

On the way to Epupa Falls at Cunene River

 Epupa Falls: A Hidden Gem on the Namibia-Angola Border


Epupa Falls, a green oasis, the name is a reference
 to the foam created by the falling water,
Namibia, 2019.


After 5 very exciting and challenging days completely off the grid in the remote western Kaokoland, and a day of recharging in the wild west town of Opuwo, we are now about to drive the 179 km from Opuwo to Epupa Falls, also known as Monte Negro Falls in Angola Timorrow. Epupa Falls are a breathtaking series of waterfalls created by the Cunene [Kunene] River, right on the border between Namibia and Angola. We will still be in the stunning Kaokoland. 

In 2019, we visited Epupa Falls together with our children, and we clearly remember how suddenly, there was an amazing green oasis as we came over a hilltop, after hours of driving along a dry track through the desolate landscape. It was like reaching a little paradise in the middle of the wilderness. We really look forward to revisit the place, this time together with our good friends from Denmark.

At Epupa Falls, the river stretches to about 500 meters wide, cascading down in a series of falls over a distance of 1.5 kilometer, with the highest single drop reaching an impressive 37 meters. The nearby settlement, also called Epupa, offers a great base for exploring this dramatic and remote natural wonder.


Some weird extra information

Epupa Falls are shown in the 2011 non-narrative documentary film Samsara (close to the beginning). Completed over a period of five years in 25 countries around the world, Samsara explores the wonders of our world - it´s not a traditional documentary! If you are curious, see Samsara  at YouTube. It's the part with the Himba tribe, known for covering themselves in red ochre after 2 minutes film.


Blog author, Epupa Falls, Namibia, 2019.
Link blog 2019


Exploring the Mighty Cunene River



Kunene River, Namibia, 2019.


The Cunene River (often spelled Kunene in Namibia) is one of Southern Africa's few perennial rivers. Originating in the highlands of Angola, it flows southward toward the Namibia-Angola border, then turns west, creating a natural boundary between the two countries before eventually emptying into the Atlantic Ocean.

This impressive river stretches over 1,050 kilometers and drains a vast area of 106,560 square kilometers. The Cunene’s flow is a lifeline for the region, with an average discharge of 174 to 222 cubic meters per second at its mouth. Along its course, the river forms the stunning Epupa Falls and supports vital infrastructure like the Olushandja Dam, which supplies water to the Ruacana Power Station.


"Shall we do it?" My daughter asked. Not all parental advices are good!


Canoeing at Cunene River,
Namibia, 2012.

Last time, my daughter and I went canoeing on the Cunene river, which nearly got out of control

Suddenly, I'm under the Kunene River, swirling around completely out of control. I can glimpse light from the surface, but I can't get up! I remember thinking:

 "I wonder how long it will take before I pop up, before or after I need to breathe?" 

I think my heart rate is at 180! Finally, I surface. I cough up river water for a long time. It also comes out of the nose. I see the canoe with the guide is to my right and grab the rescue line.

Read the story and see the video here link 


Canoe ready for the blog author and daughter,
Kunene River, Namibia, 2019.
Link blog 2019


blog author and daughter,
Kunene River, Namibia, 2019.
Link blog 2019




Thursday, 3 October 2024

Into Kaokoland, Africa´s last wilderness


Right now, we are at Khowarib Lodge Campsite. Tomorrow, the adventure continues in the most remote region in Namibia, when we head for Kaokoland. Below, you can read about this special area and part of the trip, we look very much forward to!


Kaokoland Namibia 2012
On the way from Sesfontain to Puros on D3707

"Kaokoland" (since 1990, Kunene Region) remains an informal name for one of the wildest and least populated areas in north-west Namibia, with a population density of one person every 2 km². The Kaokoland area extends south-north from the Hoanib River to the Kunene River, which also marks the border between Namibia and Angola. It is largely mountainous, dry, and rocky as seen on pictures above and below.

Family in Kaokoland 2012. Near "Puros view point". 
We didn't dare drive the Land Rover the last stretch up the mountain!

Desert Elephants


Desert elephant in Puros Canyon.
It chased our Land Rover!
Namibia 2012.

Kaokoland includes several desert-dwelling species, most notably a population of desert elephants that are sometimes classified as a distinct subspecies of African elephants due to their unique adaptations. These elephants have longer legs, bigger feet, and an incredible ability to withstand periods of drought, which led some to consider them a separate subspecies. However, today they are regarded as 'desert-adapted' elephants. The herds in this area remain separate from other elephant herds in Namibia and only appear to have longer legs and bigger feet because they consume less food than elephants in more abundant areas such as Etosha National Park, the Caprivi, and the Chobe region in Botswana.

The desert elephants inhabit a range of three thousand square kilometers and regularly travel up to two hundred kilometers in search of water. They drink only every three or four days, compared to elephants in Etosha who drink 100 to 200 liters of water a day. They also seem to be more environmentally conscious than other elephants: unlike other elephants, the desert-adapted elephants rarely knock over trees, break branches, or tear away bark.

They commonly roam the dry riverbeds of the westward-flowing Huab, Hoanib, Hoarusib, and Khumib rivers. It is along these riverbeds that the animals find occasional spring-fed waterholes and most of their nutrient-rich foods: mopane bark, tamarisk, reeds, and the pods, bark, and leaves of the ana tree. 
On a typical day, desert elephants travel up to sixty kilometers over rocky, difficult terrain between feeding areas and waterholes. When water is truly scarce, such as during times of drought, they dig holes, commonly known as gorras, in the dry riverbeds. Water seeps up from below the surface, creating a much-needed water source for themselves and other animals in the area.


Our son in Hoarusib riverbed after our elephant encounter.
Kaokoland, Namibia 2012

Puros conservancy (source)

The Himba

The Puros Conservancy covers a vast area of over 3,500 square kilometers but is home to only a small population of around 300 people, most of whom speak Otjihimba. The Himba, part of the larger Herero language group, first settled in what is now the Kunene Region about five hundred years ago, arriving from the north. While the main Herero community moved on to central Namibia in the 1750s, some groups remained in northern Kunene and eventually became known as the Himba. In this remote and mostly arid area, the Himba have retained a strong cultural identity that is still evident today. Due to its harsh environment, the Puros area has always been marginal for settlement but has supported small groups of semi-nomadic Himba pastoralists for generations. Permanent settlement in Puros only began to develop around forty years ago.


Visit Puros Traditional Village, Namibia 2012

Visit Puros Traditional Village, Namibia 2012 

Visit Puros Traditional Village, Namibia 2012

Visit Puros Traditional Village, Namibia 2012

The traditional culture of the Himba is iconic. Proud pastoralists herd their cattle across the spectacular landscapes of the northwest, while women in traditional dress, anointed with a mixture of butterfat and red ochre, tend to village tasks. Although the settlement of Puros has gradually lost many traditional Himba attributes, the nearby Puros Traditional Village offers visitors insights into the cultural heritage of the Himba. It showcases practical aspects of daily life and explains important elements such as the holy fire and the system of dual descent that governs Himba society. The traditional village also keeps alive a sense of pride in the community's cultural heritage.


Puros Traditional Village, seen from view point
Namibia, 2012


Wildlife

Since the establishment of conservancies, wildlife numbers in communal areas have rebounded from historic lows prior to independence. The elephants and lions of Puros are emblematic [symbolsk], providing countless visitors with thrilling encounters. Giraffes are common, and black rhinos roam the remote hinterland. Kudu, gemsbok, springbok, Hartmann’s mountain zebra, duiker, steenbok, and klipspringer all occur here, stalked by an assortment of predators, including leopard and cheetah, spotted and brown hyena, and jackal. Puros is completely unfenced, allowing wildlife to move freely across the conservancy and beyond its borders.


Lonely Gemsbok seen in the stone desert
between Puros and Orupempe
Kaokoland, Namibia, 2012

Ostrich seen between Sesfontain and Puros.
Kaokoland, Namibia, 2012

Our son was an expert at spotting owls!
On steep access road to Etambura Camp
Kaokoland, Namibia, 2012


Free-Roaming Lions

Free-roaming lions in the Kunene Region have recovered from a population low of only 25 individuals in the mid-nineties to well over a hundred today. The lions range as far south as the Ugab River, north to the Marienfluss, and west to the misty beaches of the Skeleton Coast. Conflicts with the lions pose a huge challenge for local farmers, and many lions continue to be shot and poisoned. While other predators such as spotted hyena, leopard, and cheetah cause more incidents each year, lions feature most prominently in the consciousness of people, as they also present a direct threat to human life.


We haven't had the pleasure of seeing lions in Kaokoland (yet),
but this one my wife and I saw south of Etosha, Namibia 2022




Wednesday, 24 July 2019

Danish family on new Namibia adventure

Desolate coastline, desert adapted elephants, pristine rivers, and spectacular water falls driving 3500 kms through the pristine African wilderness the next four weeks!

If we get through Heathrow Airport industriel actions this weekend :-(


We, father, mother with adult daughter and son, are heading for Namibia in southern Africa once again, with a small diversions into Botswana (Okavango Delta) and last pit stop in Zambia (Vic Falls). Afrika has turned into our family´s favorite destination. E.g. by now, I have had the pleasure and privilege of visiting sixteen different African countries.

Our daughter 10 years old in Namibia 2009, near Aus

Why travel in Africa?

Why do we just love travelling in Africa? And why do we often include Namibia in the itinerary?

In brief, Namibia has huge areas of pristine wilderness with many national parks and conservancies including the world´s oldest dessert with plants and animals found nowhere else on earth. Also, it has little industry or pollution with the clearest stars you will ever see. Best of all, you can explore Namibia independently driving for hours through endless plains, huge mountain areas, canyons, dry riverbeds, and game parks.

Read further motivations for travelling in Africa in our previous blogs, use the links below. The previous postings are in Danish, but you can select English top right. This time, I will blog in English ("Danglish"). It´s not my native language, therefore, please bear with me.
  • 2012 family trip to; Namib Desert, Kaokoland, Etosha, Okavango, Central Kalahari, Makgadikgadi, Moremi, Chope, and Vic Falls (link motivation)


Plans for this trip

We look forward to cover the estimated 3500 kilometers self-driving in a 4WD car from Windhoek in Namibia to Livingstone in Zambia, passing by Swakopmund, Skeleton Coast, Damaraland, Kaokoland, Kunene River, Etosha national Park, Caprivi Strip, and the Ogavango Delta.

First 1400 kms of the trip through north-western Namibia

From Windhoek to Swakopmund and north along Skeleton Coast

Our journey starts in Namibias capital, Windhoek. We head west out of the capital towards Swakopmund, the second largest town in Namibia. "Swakop" is an old German´ish town which spreads from the mouth of the Swakop River into the surrounding desert. It´s often described as Namibia’s main seaside "resort", but it isn’t really commercial by any western standards.

After three nights and lots of activities in Swakop, we drive north along the coast all the way to Terrace Bay, which is the last place you can reach by car (without special permission). Terrace Bay (and Restcamp) is described as a basic, but truly unique, amazingly isolated, desolate spot. From Swakop to Terrace Bay, we follow the shore of the South Atlantic Ocean along the remote and famous Skeleton Coast, towards Kunene Region / Kaokoland. First, we pass through the section of coast known as the National West Coast Tourist Recreation Area. The coast is described as desolate and barren but with evidence of life such as lichen fields, vegetated dune hummocks, insects, snakes, and jackals. Passing Cape Cross, we expect to encounter an enormous breeding colony of Cape fur seals.

Trip 2009, Namibian coast just south of Lüderitz 

Trip 2009, our children playing in the dunes
near Sandwich Harbour


Driving into Damaraland

After a night in Terrace Bay restcamp, we head back for Torra Bay before heading inland into Damaraland, which is an semi-desert wilderness region famous for desert-adapted elephants and black rhinos, among others. Our destination is Palmwag Lodge, which is attractively located next to a palm-lined spring in the Uniab River. The river often flows with water drawing elephants close to the lodge.

Damaraland 2012, near Madisa Campsite

Three days trekking expedition into Etendeka Mountains 

After sleeping one night at the campsite at Palmwag Lodge, we trek into one of Namibia’s most remote and untouched wilderness areas Etendeka Mountains which is twice the size of Denmark. We are followed by an expert guide from Etendeka Mountain Camp. Our first stop is River Camp, which should be a relatively easy two - three hours walk. Overlooking a waterhole, River Camp is described as a simple bush camp with bucket showers and meals cooked over an open fire. We will be sleeping out on platforms under the vast Namibian night sky. After a night of stargazing and rest (if not to many animal sounds!), we will experience the longest day of the trekking expedition - with a walking distance of 15 to 20 kms. This long walk should be rewarded with stunning views from Mountain Camp, which is located on the top (rim) of Crystal Mountain overlooking an abundance of crystals and rare rock formations. In 2009, we had the rare pleasure of visiting Crystal Mountain with our two children and a guide from Etendeka Mountain Camp. That was an extraordinary experience. We really look forward to see this place again! Last time, we arrived in a Land Rover with some steep driving before reaching the rim. This time, we will have to work harder walking all the way from Palmwag to reach the place.

Trip 2009, on the rim of Crystal Mountain, look forward
to sleep under the vast Namibian night sky

Trip 2009, crystals and rare rock formations

Opuwo, the administrative centre to Kaokoland

After our hopefully good trekking experience, we drive north along C43 towards Opuwo, which is the administrative centre to Kaokoland. The name Opuwo was (according to Wiki) given by the commissioner of Ondangwa, who came in search of land to build an office. Upon his arrival, he asked local headmen to give him land where he could build an office. The headmen gave him a small plot, and when the headmen tried to give him more land, Mr. Hahn responded saying "Opuwo (it’s enough for me). I don’t want any more land". That should be how Opuwo got its name. Opuwo is also known for it´s Himba population. This group of people is considered the last (semi) nomadic people of Namibia. In 2012, we met the Himbas in near Etaambura Camp near Orupempe, Kaokoland (link)

Trip to Kaokoland 2012; coffee beak in
dry river bed driving towards Opuwo

Reaching Kunene and Epupa Falls

We will only stay one night in Opuwo Country Lodge, probably sleeping well after the long trekking expedition the previous days, before we head towards Kunene River at Epupa Falls. Kunene River is about 1,050 kilometres long and flows south from the highlands in Angola to the border with Namibia, then west along the border until it reaches the South Atlantic Ocean.

At Epupa Falls, we stay at Epupa Camp overlooking the Kunene River about 700 metres upstream from Epupa Falls. There should be a wide choice of activities in Epupa Camp, e.g. self-guided walking trails along the river, bird watching excursions, visit to nearby Himba village, and rafting excursions. By the Epupa Falls, the Cunene River is 0.5 km wide and drops in a series of waterfalls spread over 1.5 km, with the greatest single drop being 37 m. The name "Epupa" is a Herero word for "foam", in reference to the foam created by the falling water.

After two days at Epupa Falls, we plan to head along D3700, which follows the bank of Kunene River from Epupa towards Ruacana, to get to Kunene River Lodge about half way to Ruacana. Along the route, we pass the Zebra Mountains. The 4x4 track is very famous and challenging, but we have heard it was upgraded recently thus perhaps not that challenging anymore - we will see. Under all circumstances, we expect to use a long day driving the 96 kilometers along Kunene River at slow speed. We hope to find another car heading in the same direction. Here is a nice description (scroll down) from another group driving the same way (link).

Around Etosha National Park

Etosha means "Place of Mirages", "Land of Dry Water" or the "Great White Place". It´s an apparently endless pan of silvery-white sand, upon which dust-devils play and mirages blur the horizon. It´s also one of Africa's best game reserves. Especially, during the dry season, when huge herds of animals can be seen. We have had the pleasure of visiting Etosha twice before in 2009 and 2012 (link). One of the more exciting moments was when  our tyre exploded near a group of elephants! (link) and when we had lions outside the tent at night (link). We hope for no tyre explosions this time...

Etosha 2012, repairing an exploding tyre near elephants!

Etosha 2012, son watching for elephants in the meantime

Caprivi Strip, tropical surroundings


Last 2400 kms from Etosha to Victoria Falls 

After leaving Etosha, we drive north-east towards a peculiarly shaped stretch of land called the Caprivi Strip. It defies any logical border definitions being sandwiched between Angola and Botswana and stretching towards borders of Zambia and Zimbabwe. It should be very different from the rest of Namibia as a tropical strip both fringed and crossed by wide rivers, including the Zambezi, Kavango (Okavango), Chobe and Linyanti. The national parks should have a good population of some of Africa’s iconic species as well as several species largely absent from the rest of the country, such as Cape buffalo, sable and roan antelope. Added to this is the opportunity to get out on a boat, an enjoyable and often welcome contrast to sitting in a 4WD. Read more about Caprivi at Expert Africa´s homepage (link)

Okavango Delta, lush water-wilderness

From Capvi Strip, we take a deviation into Botswana through Mohembo Border Control and through Shakawe village to revisit the Okavango Delta. The Okavango River rises in the highlands of Angola and flows southeast into the Kalahari, where it spreads out into a delta formation. It covers over 15,000 km² with a lush water-wilderness of papyrus swamps, shallow reed-beds and floodplains, dotted with islands and laced with a network of channels. In 2012, we had the most extraordinary boat trip with Kubu Queen house boat - one of our absolute highlights in Africa (link). This time, we head for Nxamaseri Island Lodge which stands on an island in the Okavango Panhandle, north of the Delta, about 37km south of Shakawe village.

Okavango 2012, gone fishing for tiger fish (link)

Okavango 2012

Okavango 2012

Heading towards Livingstone and "the Smoke that Thunders"

Finally, we Victoria Falls "the Smoke that Thunders". Victoria Falls were brought to the attention of the world in 1855 by Dr David Livingstone, who later famously commented:
"'scenes so lovely must have been gazed upon by angels in their flight". 
The Falls are 1,688 m wide and average just over 100 m in height. Up to 750 million liters of water cascade over the lip every minute, making this one of the world’s greatest waterfalls. Closer inspection shows that this immense curtain of water is interrupted by small islands that sit right on the lip of the Falls, effectively splitting them into smaller waterfalls. In 2012, we had the pleasure of swimming in "Devils Pool" on one of those small islands (link). This must be the worlds most extreme place to swim! The family is voting against me about trying the pool again this year and threatening mutiny if I insist.

Victoria Falls 2012, daugther inspecting the falls from above (link)

Self-driving in Namibia, why?

Why do we like self-driving in Namibia and surrounding countries? I found this Vimeo video (link) that gives you a good impression of the experience self-driving in the dry parts of  Namibia. However, we expect a different feeling driving along Kunene River and the Caprivi Strip, as this part of the country is very different from the rest of the country with images of lush green floodplains, herds of wildlife and ancient baobabs. Also, in Caprivi strip, we imagine to see many villages, goats, donkeys, and cows grazing by the roadside, and stalls sell everything from wooden carvings to fresh fruit. 

You can also read more about self driving at the Expert Africa homepage (link) And more about the road types (link). Also, we appreciate the Bradt Guide by Chris McIntyre very much having tried most guide books for Southern Africa over the years (link)